Common Driving test Faults: Major and Minors Explained

Driving test Faults Explained

In the UK, the driving test is designed to assess the candidate’s knowledge, skills, and ability to drive safely on the road. The test is divided into two parts: the theory test and the practical test.

If you get a fault, also known as a minor fault or driving error refers to a mistake made by the driver that is not serious enough to cause immediate danger but may affect the overall outcome of the test.

Read on to know more about the major and minor faults in a driving test and how to avoid them.

The practical test lasts around 40 minutes and includes a range of driving scenarios, such as independent driving, reversing manoeuvres, and emergency stops. The candidate is assessed on their ability to perform these manoeuvres safely and competently.

The pass mark for the practical test is 15 minor faults or fewer. A minor fault is a driving fault that does not pose a danger to other road users or the candidate. However, accumulating too many minor faults or committing a serious or dangerous fault will result in a fail.

If you pass your driving test, you will receive your full driving licence, which will allow you to drive on your own without supervision. If you do not pass, you can book another test or appeal the decision if you feel it was unfair.

It’s important to note that the driving test is not a “one-and-done” process. Many candidates need to take the test multiple times before passing. With practice and determination, however, anyone can become a safe and competent driver.

Driving Test Major Faults: What are the different types of driving test faults?

In a driving test, there is no such thing as minors and majors. The faults are classified into three categories: minor faults, serious faults, and dangerous faults.

  1. Minor faults: These are minor errors that do not pose a danger to other road users or the candidate. An individual will not fail for a single minor. However, committing the same type of minor fault multiple times may result in a serious fault. In the UK, you can receive up to 15 minor faults and still pass your driving test.

  2. Serious faults: These faults are more significant than minor faults and may pose a danger to other road users or the candidate. If a candidate commits a serious fault during their driving test, they will fail. Examples of serious faults include failing to observe traffic signals or road signs, losing control of the vehicle, or endangering other road users.

  3. Dangerous faults: These faults are the most serious and may result in an accident or injury to the candidate, other road users, or property. Committing a dangerous fault during a driving test will result in an immediate fail. Examples of dangerous faults include driving through a red light or driving too fast in hazardous weather conditions.

Minor faults, also referred to as ‘minors’, fall under the first category of driving faults. Accumulating more than 15 minors would result in failing the driving test, but a single minor would not lead to an automatic failure.

The second and third categories of driving faults, dangerous and serious faults, are commonly known as ‘majors’. If a driver commits even one of these faults, they will fail the test instantly. Hence, it is vital to steer clear of these faults.

Driving Test Report Sheet

Driving Test Report Sheet

See the full DL25 driving test report from the DVSA

Driving test minor faults

Minor faults are errors or mistakes made by the driver during a driving test that do not pose any immediate danger to other road users or the candidate.

  1. Not checking mirrors frequently enough: This fault can occur when a driver does not check the mirrors frequently enough while driving. For example, failing to check the rearview mirror before changing lanes or not checking the side mirrors before making a turn. If you make this fault, you should try to check your mirrors more often to avoid making the same mistake again.

  2. Stalling the car: This fault occurs when a driver fails to operate the clutch and accelerator pedals correctly, resulting in the engine stopping. Stalling may occur when moving off from a stationary position or changing gears.  To recover from stalling, the driver should remain calm, restart the car, and proceed with the test.

    It is important to note that stalling can be avoided by proper coordination of the pedals, ensuring that the clutch is fully depressed before releasing the handbrake and gradually pressing the accelerator pedal while releasing the clutch. Practicing these techniques during driving lessons can help drivers avoid stalling during the driving test.

  3. Touching the kerb: This fault happens when the driver comes too close to the kerb while driving. This can happen while making a turn or driving on a narrow road. To correct this fault, the driver should be more aware of their position on the road and make adjustments accordingly. Mounting a kerb, crashing it too hard and hitting the kerb with people nearby is a major fault and will result in you failing your driving test.

  4. Hesitation: This fault occurs when the driver fails to make a decision or takes too long to react to a situation on the road. This can happen when merging onto a busy road or making a turn at a junction.

    To avoid this fault, the driver should be more confident and decisive when driving. Uncertainty when pulling out of a junction or roundabout is not considered a minor fault during a driving test. Similarly, holding up traffic flow would not result in a minor fault unless it becomes a repeated pattern of behaviour.

  5. Using the handbrake incorrectly: This fault occurs when the driver uses the handbrake at the wrong time or fails to release it when necessary. For example, using the handbrake when stopped at a traffic light or failing to release it when moving off. To avoid this fault, the driver should only use the handbrake when necessary and release it at the right time.

  6. Crossing hands over on the wheel: Crossing hands over on the wheel may be considered a minor fault during a driving test. The technique of hand-over-hand steering is usually taught during driving lessons, where the driver crosses their hands over the wheel to turn it.

    However, during a driving test, if the examiner observes the driver consistently crossing their hands over the wheel while steering, it may lead to a minor fault. It is important for drivers to maintain a steady grip on the wheel and use the push-pull technique to steer in a controlled manner, as this demonstrates safe driving skills and can help avoid minor faults.

  7. Driving too slowly:

    Driving at slow speeds alone is not a fault during a driving test, as long as it is appropriate for the driving conditions. For instance, driving at a slow speed in a built-up area or in a school zone may be necessary for safety reasons. However, if a driver’s slow speed endangers themselves or other road users, or causes significant delays, it may lead to a minor or even a major fault.

    Driving too slowly on a highway or a motorway, for example, could endanger other drivers and cause significant delays, potentially leading to a major fault. Therefore, it is essential for drivers to understand the appropriate speed limits for different driving situations and conditions and to maintain a safe and steady speed while being mindful of other road users.

  8. Failing the sight test: In a driving test, failing to read the top three lines during an eyesight test is not a minor fault. It is considered a serious fault and will result in an automatic failure of the driving test. Good eyesight is crucial for safe driving, and drivers must be able to read a standard number plate from a distance of 20 metres or with corrective lenses if required. It is therefore essential for drivers to have their eyesight checked regularly to ensure that they meet the required standards for safe driving.

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If you make a minor fault during the test, the examiner will inform you of the fault and mark it on your test report. You should try to avoid making the same mistake again and continue with the test. It’s important to remember that you can receive up to 15 minor faults and still pass the driving test.

Driving test results

If I make a driving test fault, will my examiner stop the test early?

If you make a driving test fault during your practical driving test, your examiner will not stop the test early. The examiner’s role is to assess your driving skills and ability, and they will continue to observe your driving performance throughout the test, even if you make a fault.

During the test, the examiner will note down any faults you make and mark them on your driving test report. They will also provide feedback and guidance to help you improve your driving skills and avoid making the same mistakes in the future.

It’s important to remember that making a fault during the test does not necessarily mean you will fail. You are allowed to make a certain number of minor faults, and only serious or dangerous faults will result in an immediate fail.

Therefore, if you make a fault during your driving test, you should try to remain calm, correct your mistake, and focus on driving safely and confidently. Remember to follow the examiner’s instructions and keep your attention on the road at all times.

How to practice for your driving theory test

Preparing for your driving theory test requires a combination of study and practice. Here are some tips on how to practice for your driving theory test:

  1. Get a study guide or app: Purchase a driving theory test study guide or download a reputable driving theory test app. This will provide you with a comprehensive overview of the material covered on the test and help you prepare more effectively.

  2. Take mock tests: Practice taking mock theory tests online or using an app. This will help you familiarise yourself with the format of the test, identify areas of weakness, and get used to the types of questions that are asked.

  3. Study the Highway Code: The Highway Code contains the rules and regulations that apply to all road users in the UK. Study the Highway Code thoroughly, as many of the questions on the theory test will be based on its content.

  4. Watch instructional videos: There are many instructional videos available online that cover various topics related to driving theory. These can help you understand complex concepts and reinforce your knowledge.

  5. Attend driving theory classes: If you prefer a more structured approach, consider attending driving theory classes. These classes are often led by experienced driving instructors and can provide valuable guidance and support.

  6. Take notes: When studying, take notes to help you remember important information. This can be especially helpful for memorizing road signs, signals, and markings.

  7. Revise regularly: Consistent revision is key to passing your theory test. Set aside dedicated study time each week and revise regularly to help ensure that the information stays fresh in your mind.

Remember that the driving theory test is designed to assess your knowledge of the rules of the road and your ability to apply them in various driving situations. By studying and practicing regularly, you can increase your chances of passing the test on your first attempt.

Frequently asked questions

In a driving test in the UK, you can have up to 15 minor faults and still pass. A minor fault is a mistake or error made by the driver that does not pose any immediate danger to other road users or the candidate.

However, committing the same type of minor fault multiple times may result in a serious fault. Only a major fault or three of the same minor faults will result in a fail.

There is no specific number of minor faults that make a major fault in a driving test.

A major fault, also known as a serious fault, is a more significant mistake made by the driver that may pose a danger to other road users or the candidate.

Examples of major faults include failing to observe traffic signals or road signs, losing control of the vehicle, or endangering other road users. Only a major fault or three of the same minor faults will result in a fail.

There is no specific number of minors that you can have in one category in a driving test.

However, if you commit the same type of minor fault multiple times, it may indicate a habitual fault in that category. For example, if you repeatedly fail to check your mirrors before changing lanes, this may quickly convert into a major fault.

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Therefore, it’s important to be aware of your driving habits and correct any recurring mistakes to avoid accumulating too many faults in one category.

The examiner will assess each fault on a case-by-case basis and determine whether it constitutes a minor, major, or dangerous fault based on the severity of the situation.

There are certain faults that will cause an immediate fail in a driving test in the UK.

These include committing a dangerous fault, such as driving through a red light or driving too fast in hazardous weather conditions.

Dangerous faults are the most serious and may result in an accident or injury to the candidate, other road users, or property. In addition, accumulating three or more of the same minor fault or committing a major fault will also result in an immediate fail.

It’s important to practice safe and responsible driving habits and to be aware of the rules of the road to avoid committing any dangerous or major faults during your driving test.

A serious fault, also known as a major fault, is a more significant mistake made by the driver during a driving test that may pose a danger to other road users or the candidate.

An example of a serious fault could be failing to observe traffic signals or road signs, such as driving through a red light or a stop sign. Other examples of serious faults include losing control of the vehicle, endangering other road users, and causing an obstruction on the road.

Committing a serious fault during a driving test will result in an immediate fail.

The most common driving faults during a driving test can vary, as each candidate’s performance is assessed on a case-by-case basis.

However, some of the most common driving faults include failing to check mirrors frequently enough, stalling the car, touching the kerb, hesitation, using the handbrake incorrectly, crossing hands over on the wheel, driving too slowly, and failing the sight test.

These faults are classified as minor faults, which do not pose any immediate danger to other road users or the candidate. It’s important to practice safe and responsible driving habits and be aware of the rules of the road to minimise the chances of committing these faults during a driving test.

Stalling the car during a driving test is considered a minor fault, and you will not fail your driving test if you stall the car once or twice during the test. However, if you stall the car repeatedly or in a manner that poses a danger to other road users or the candidate, this may result in a major or serious fault, which could cause you to fail the driving test.

It’s important to remain calm if you stall the car during the test and follow the correct procedure to restart the car and proceed safely.

The examiner will be observing your driving performance throughout the test, and one or two stalls should not significantly impact your overall assessment, as long as you recover quickly and continue to drive safely and confidently.

Yes, coasting can be considered a major fault and could cause you to fail your driving test. Coasting occurs when you disengage the gears and allow the vehicle to roll without engine braking.

This can be dangerous as it reduces the driver’s ability to control the vehicle and increases the stopping distance. Coasting is a serious safety concern, and the examiner will consider it a major fault if they observe it during the driving test.

It’s important to maintain control of the vehicle at all times and use the brakes and gears appropriately to slow down or stop the vehicle.

Yes, you can fail your driving test based on the show me/tell me questions. These questions are designed to assess your knowledge of the basic maintenance and safety checks that you should perform on your vehicle before driving.

If you are unable to answer the questions correctly or demonstrate the practical skills required, the examiner may mark it as a minor fault. Accumulating too many minor faults or failing to answer the questions correctly may result in a major or serious fault, which could cause you to fail your driving test.

Therefore, it’s important to study the relevant material thoroughly and practice the necessary skills to ensure that you can answer the show me/tell me questions confidently and accurately.

Failing a manoeuvre during a driving test is classified as a minor fault, and you will not fail the test if you make only one minor fault.

However, if you accumulate three or more minor faults or commit a major or dangerous fault during the test, you will fail the test. If you fail a manoeuvre, the examiner will allow you to continue with the test and assess your overall driving performance.

It’s important to remain calm and focused, correct your mistake, and continue driving safely and confidently to avoid accumulating too many faults.

If you fail your driving test, you can book another test as soon as possible. There is no waiting period or limit on the number of times you can take the test.

However, you will have to pay the test fee again each time you take the test. It’s important to use the time between tests to practice and improve your driving skills and address any areas of weakness that led to your previous failure.

It’s also important to ensure that you meet all the eligibility requirements for taking the test, such as having a valid provisional driving licence and meeting the minimum age requirement.

If you need to take further driving lessons to get test ready, submit an enquiry to our 1000+ driving instructors who can help.

There is no limit to the number of times you can fail a driving test. If you fail the driving test, you can retake it as many times as necessary until you pass.

However, you will have to pay the test fee each time you take the test. It’s important to use the time between tests to practice and improve your driving skills, address any areas of weakness that led to your previous failures, and build confidence behind the wheel.

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Remember to take your time and focus on safe and responsible driving habits to increase your chances of passing the driving test.

Yes, if you fail your driving test, you have the right to appeal the decision. You can appeal a driving test fail if you believe that the examiner has made an error in their assessment, or if you have evidence that the test was conducted unfairly or improperly.

However, you must provide a valid and compelling reason for the appeal, and there is a fee associated with the process. The appeal process may involve a retest, a review of the test report, or a meeting with a senior examiner to discuss the issue.

It’s important to note that the appeal process can be time-consuming, and there is no guarantee that the appeal will be successful. Therefore, it’s important to ensure that you meet all the eligibility requirements and prepare adequately for the driving test to avoid the need for an appeal.

You can rebook your driving test as soon as you want after a fail. There is no set waiting period or limit on the number of times you can take the test. However, you will have to pay the test fee again each time you take the test.

It’s important to use the time between tests to practice and improve your driving skills and address any areas of weakness that led to your previous failure.

Remember to ensure that you meet all the eligibility requirements for taking the test, such as having a valid provisional driving license and meeting the minimum age requirement.

Once you pass your driving test, you can start driving immediately. There is no waiting period or additional steps required to start driving once you have passed your test.

However, it’s important to remember that driving is a serious responsibility and requires practice and experience to become a confident and safe driver. You should take time to adjust to driving on your own and gain experience in different driving conditions before attempting more challenging routes or situations.

Remember to always follow the rules of the road, obey traffic signals and road signs, and practice safe and responsible driving habits to keep yourself and other road users safe.

If your driving test is cancelled for any reason, the Driver and Vehicle Standards Agency (DVSA) will contact you to inform you of the cancellation and to reschedule the test.

You will usually be given a new test date and time, but you can also choose to rearrange the test if the new date and time are not suitable. If your test is cancelled at short notice, such as on the day of the test, you may be entitled to claim out-of-pocket expenses for travel or accommodation costs.

The DVSA will provide you with information on how to make a claim if this is the case. It’s important to check your email or phone regularly in the days leading up to the test to ensure that you receive any updates or notifications from the DVSA, and to contact them if you have any questions or concerns about the test or the rescheduling process.

Yes, you can fail a driving test on bay parking if you are unable to complete the manoeuvre correctly or safely.

Bay parking is a standard manoeuvre that is included in the driving test, and the examiner will assess your ability to manoeuvre the vehicle accurately and safely into a parking space between two other cars.

If you fail to position the car correctly within the marked bay, make contact with the other cars, or pose a danger to other road users or the candidate, this may result in a minor, major, or dangerous fault, which could cause you to fail the driving test.

It’s important to practice bay parking manoeuvres in a variety of situations and become comfortable with the procedure to increase your chances of passing the driving test.

Yes, you can fail a driving test on a manoeuvre if you are unable to complete the manoeuvre correctly or safely.

Manoeuvres are standard procedures that are included in the driving test, and the examiner will assess your ability to manoeuvre the vehicle accurately and safely.

Failing to perform a manoeuvre correctly, such as turning in the road, reverse parking, or reversing around a corner, may result in a minor, major, or dangerous fault, which could cause you to fail the driving test.

It’s important to practice manoeuvres in a variety of situations and become comfortable with the procedures to increase your chances of passing the driving test.

In a driving test in the UK, accumulating a major or serious fault or committing three or more of the same minor fault will result in an immediate fail.

The number of major faults that could cause you to fail the test depends on the severity of the faults committed. Major faults, also known as serious faults, are more significant mistakes made by the driver during the test that may pose a danger to other road users or the candidate.

Examples of major faults include failing to observe traffic signals or road signs, losing control of the vehicle, or endangering other road users. Committing a major fault during the driving test will result in an immediate fail.